Glossary
Accommodations- Supports and services provided to help a student access the general education curriculum and validly demonstrate learning. Accommodations include: Time, Setting, Level of Support, Reduce Response Effort, Sensory Items, Visual Schedules, etc.
Accessible Instructional Materials (AIM) - Specialized formats of curricular content that can be used by and with learning who have print disabilities and include braille, audio, large print, and electronic text.
Accessibility- A barrier free environment that allows maximum participation by individuals with disabilities.
Adapted Physical Education (APE)- A component of the educational curriculum in which physical, recreational, and other therapists work with children who exhibit delays in motor development and perceptual motor skills. It is a related service some children might need in addition to or in place of physical education.
Assistive Technology and Services (AT) - Acquiring and using devices and services to restore lost capacities or improve impaired capacities.
Barriers to learning- Factors that may exist in a classroom that interfere with the diverse students reaching their goals.
Behavioral Assessment (BA)- Behavioral Assessment is the process of gathering (through direct observation and by parent report) and analyzing information about a child’s behavior. The information may be used to plan ways to help the child change unwanted behaviors. Observations include when a behavior occurs as well as the frequency and duration of the behavior
Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)- A plan that is put in place to teach a child proper behavior and social skills. It should be positive in nature, not punitive.
Case Manager- A special education teacher who oversees, monitors, and implements a student's IEP.
Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST)- is a nonprofit organization that works to expand learning opportunities for all through Universal Design for Learning. Head to the CAST website for information about current research on UDL. Also check out their free learning tools for resources that support teachers in their lesson planning and development and other resources designed for student use within a UDL framework.
Chronic - A condition that persists over a long period of time.
Collaborative Learning - An umbrella term for the variety of approaches and models in education that involve the shared intellectual efforts by students working in small groups to accomplish a goal or complete a task.
Cognitive Processes- Modes of thought, knowing, and symbolic representation, including comprehension, judgment, memory, imaging, and reasoning.
Differentiated Instruction (DI)- Is a framework for teaching that gives different avenues of learning to students with varying ability levels.
Disability - Disability is a functional limitation that interferes with a person’s ability to walk, hear, talk, learn, etc.
Free and Appropriate Public Education Act (FAPE)- is an educational right for students with disabilities in the United States that coincides with the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. FAPE requires schools districts to provide students with disabilities an education, including specialized instruction and related services that prepares the child for further education, employment and independent living.
Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)- a process which describes a student’s disruptive behaviors, looks for the reasons behind the behaviors and offers interventions that teach new behaviors to replace the undesired ones
Inclusive Classrooms- An educational approach which deals with including all students regardless of physical, mental or social ability in one comprehensive learning environment. Regular/Partial Inclusion & Full Inclusion make up the two types of inclusive classrooms.
Individual Education Plan (IEP)- A legal document afforded to students eligible in special education that provides them with an alternative plan for learning equipped with modifications, accommodations, goals and objectives.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)- is piece of legislation that protects students with disabilities and affords them rights to a the general education curriculum.
Least Restricted Environment (LRE)- A rule requiring schools to educate students with disabilities with students without disabilities to the maximum extent appropriate for students with disabilities.
Mainstreamed- Is a term that refers to students with special needs that have been incorporated into general education classes. At times students are mainstreamed in particular subjects.
Modifications- Individualized changes to the outcome or performance expectations for students. Modifications include: Quantity, Output, Alternate Goals.
Neuroscience- Study of the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and its reaction to different stimuli.
study of the structure and function of the nervous system. It encompasses the evolution, development, cellular and molecular biology, physiology, anatomy and pharmacology of the nervous system, as well as computational, behavioural and cognitive neuroscience.
Planning and Placement Team (PPT)- A team comprised of many of the stakeholders involved in a student's educational well-being. The purpose of this team is to review and analyze
Response to Intervention (RTI)- a tiered approach used to help students who are not making expected progress or meeting required academic standards by providing high-quality, research-based intervention
Scaffold - A temporary assistive component of an instructional material or method that helps a learner complete the learning task successfully, intended to be removed when mastery is attained.
Specialized Instruction- Occurs when special education teachers or para professionals provide modified curriculum to meet the needs of their students.
Triennial- Three year evaluations conducted to determine special education eligibility and carry out a review of current diagnosis and services.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)- is an educational framework based on research in the learning sciences, including cognitive neuroscience, that guides the development of flexible learning environments that can accommodate individual learning differences.
Accessible Instructional Materials (AIM) - Specialized formats of curricular content that can be used by and with learning who have print disabilities and include braille, audio, large print, and electronic text.
Accessibility- A barrier free environment that allows maximum participation by individuals with disabilities.
Adapted Physical Education (APE)- A component of the educational curriculum in which physical, recreational, and other therapists work with children who exhibit delays in motor development and perceptual motor skills. It is a related service some children might need in addition to or in place of physical education.
Assistive Technology and Services (AT) - Acquiring and using devices and services to restore lost capacities or improve impaired capacities.
Barriers to learning- Factors that may exist in a classroom that interfere with the diverse students reaching their goals.
Behavioral Assessment (BA)- Behavioral Assessment is the process of gathering (through direct observation and by parent report) and analyzing information about a child’s behavior. The information may be used to plan ways to help the child change unwanted behaviors. Observations include when a behavior occurs as well as the frequency and duration of the behavior
Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)- A plan that is put in place to teach a child proper behavior and social skills. It should be positive in nature, not punitive.
Case Manager- A special education teacher who oversees, monitors, and implements a student's IEP.
Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST)- is a nonprofit organization that works to expand learning opportunities for all through Universal Design for Learning. Head to the CAST website for information about current research on UDL. Also check out their free learning tools for resources that support teachers in their lesson planning and development and other resources designed for student use within a UDL framework.
Chronic - A condition that persists over a long period of time.
Collaborative Learning - An umbrella term for the variety of approaches and models in education that involve the shared intellectual efforts by students working in small groups to accomplish a goal or complete a task.
Cognitive Processes- Modes of thought, knowing, and symbolic representation, including comprehension, judgment, memory, imaging, and reasoning.
Differentiated Instruction (DI)- Is a framework for teaching that gives different avenues of learning to students with varying ability levels.
Disability - Disability is a functional limitation that interferes with a person’s ability to walk, hear, talk, learn, etc.
Free and Appropriate Public Education Act (FAPE)- is an educational right for students with disabilities in the United States that coincides with the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. FAPE requires schools districts to provide students with disabilities an education, including specialized instruction and related services that prepares the child for further education, employment and independent living.
Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)- a process which describes a student’s disruptive behaviors, looks for the reasons behind the behaviors and offers interventions that teach new behaviors to replace the undesired ones
Inclusive Classrooms- An educational approach which deals with including all students regardless of physical, mental or social ability in one comprehensive learning environment. Regular/Partial Inclusion & Full Inclusion make up the two types of inclusive classrooms.
Individual Education Plan (IEP)- A legal document afforded to students eligible in special education that provides them with an alternative plan for learning equipped with modifications, accommodations, goals and objectives.
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)- is piece of legislation that protects students with disabilities and affords them rights to a the general education curriculum.
Least Restricted Environment (LRE)- A rule requiring schools to educate students with disabilities with students without disabilities to the maximum extent appropriate for students with disabilities.
Mainstreamed- Is a term that refers to students with special needs that have been incorporated into general education classes. At times students are mainstreamed in particular subjects.
Modifications- Individualized changes to the outcome or performance expectations for students. Modifications include: Quantity, Output, Alternate Goals.
Neuroscience- Study of the structure and function of the brain and nervous system and its reaction to different stimuli.
study of the structure and function of the nervous system. It encompasses the evolution, development, cellular and molecular biology, physiology, anatomy and pharmacology of the nervous system, as well as computational, behavioural and cognitive neuroscience.
Planning and Placement Team (PPT)- A team comprised of many of the stakeholders involved in a student's educational well-being. The purpose of this team is to review and analyze
Response to Intervention (RTI)- a tiered approach used to help students who are not making expected progress or meeting required academic standards by providing high-quality, research-based intervention
Scaffold - A temporary assistive component of an instructional material or method that helps a learner complete the learning task successfully, intended to be removed when mastery is attained.
Specialized Instruction- Occurs when special education teachers or para professionals provide modified curriculum to meet the needs of their students.
Triennial- Three year evaluations conducted to determine special education eligibility and carry out a review of current diagnosis and services.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL)- is an educational framework based on research in the learning sciences, including cognitive neuroscience, that guides the development of flexible learning environments that can accommodate individual learning differences.